Cervical Cancer

About the Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is a kind of cancer that happens in the cells of the cervix — the lower portion of the uterus that connects with the vagina.
Different strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted contamination, play a part in causing most cervical cancer.
When exposed to HPV, a woman's immune system typically prevents the virus from doing harm. In a small group of women, however, the virus survives for years, contributing to the process that causes some cells on the surface of the cervix to become cancer cells.

Symptoms
Early-stage cervical cancer generally produces no signs or symptoms.

  • Signs and symptoms of more-advanced cervical cancer include:
  • Blood spots or light bleeding between or following periods
  • Menstrual bleeding that is longer and heavier than usual
  • Bleeding after intercourse, douching, or a pelvic examination
  • Increased vaginal discharge
  • Pain during sexual intercourse
  • Bleeding after menopause
  • Unexplained, persistent pelvic and/or back pain


Types of cervical cancer
The kind of cervical cancer that you have decides your prognosis and treatment. The primary kinds of cervical cancer are:

  • Squamous cell carcinoma- This kind of cervical cancer starts in the thin, flat cells (squamous cells) covering the external piece of the cervix, which projects into the vagina. Most cervical conditions are squamous cell carcinomas.
  • Adenocarcinoma- This sort of cervical growth starts in the column-shaped glandular cells that line the cervical channel.


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Risks involved-
Risk factors for cervical cancer include:

  • Many sexual partners- The greater your number of sexual partners — and the greater your partner's number of sexual partners — the greater your chance of acquiring HPV.
  • Early sexual activity- Having sex at an early age increases your risk of HPV.
  • Other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)- Having other STIs — such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and HIV/AIDS — increases your risk of HPV.
  • A weak immune system- You may be more likely to develop cervical cancer if your immune system is weakened by another health condition and you have HPV.
  • Smoking- Smoking is associated with squamous cell cervical cancer.


Treatment Methods
When the cancer has spread beyond the cervix, surgery is not usually an option.
Advanced cancer is also referred to as invasive cancer because it has invaded other areas of the body. This type of cancer requires more extensive treatment, which will typically involve either radiotherapy or a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
In the later stages of cancer, palliative therapy is administered to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.

Tests Required
The tests that is required before the procedure:

  • PAP test
  • HPV biopsy
  • Punch biopsy


Treatment Duration

  • The patient would have to stay in the hospital for 4-5 days.


Cost of The Procedure

  • The procedure of cervical cancer would cost around 7000 USD.